English Literature

Paper I 1. Study of T.S. Eliot as a critic. 2. Comparative study of Wordsworth and Coleridge as critic. 3. Post-Structuralist Criticism: An Overview. 4. Structuralism vs Poststructuralism. 5. Trends of Feminism in Indian English Fiction Writing. Paper II 6. Factors contributing to richness of English Vocabulary. 7. I.C. Analysis and TGG. 8. Syntax, Morphology and Phonology. 9. Phrases and Clauses. 10. Linguistics, Phonetics and Phonology. Paper III 11. Indian English Novelists: An Essay. 12. Indian English Drama: A Study. 13. Premchand: A Great Storyteller. 14. Indian Women Novelists: An Overview. 15. Stories in the Panchatantra: A Study. Paper IV 16. The Concept of Individual Freedom in Emerson and Thoreau. 17. Confessional Poetry and Female Identity in Modern American Literature with special reference to Sylvia Plath’s Poems. 18. Death and Immortality in the Poetry of Emily Dickinson. 19. Illusion vs. Reality in the plays of Tennessee Williams (with special reference to The Glass Men...

Shell-Neck, Slim, and Grim In a certain lake lived a turtle named Shell-Neck. He had as friends two ganders whose names were Slim and Grim. Now in the vicissitudes of time there came a twelve-year drought , which begot ideas of this nature in the two ganders: “This lake has gone dry. Let us seek another body of water. However, we must first say farewell to Shell-Neck, our dear and long-proved friend.”  When they did so, the turtle said: “Why do you bid me farewell? I am a water-dweller, and here I should perish very quickly from the scant supply of water and from grief at loss of you. Therefore, if you feel any affection for me, please rescue me from the jaws of this death. Besides, as the water dries in this lake, you two suffer nothing beyond a restricted diet, while to me it means immediate death. Consider which is more serious, loss of food or loss of life.”  But they replied: “We are unable to take you with us since you are a water-creature without wings.” Yet the t...

TRANSLATOR’S INTRODUCTION I One Vishnusharman , shrewdly gleaning All worldly wisdom’s inner meaning, In these five books the charm compresses Of all such books the world possesses. -Introduction to the Panchatantra The Panchatantra contains the most widely known stories in the world. If it were further declared that the Panchatantra is the best collection of stories in the world, the assertion could hardly be disproved, and would probably command the assent of those possessing the knowledge for a judgment. Assuming varied forms in their native India, then traveling in translations, and translations of translations, through Persia, Arabia, Syria, and the civilized countries of Europe, these stories have, for more than twenty centuries, brought delight to hundreds of millions. Since the stories gathered in the Panchatantra are very ancient, and since they can no longer be ascribed to their respective authors, it is not possible to give an accurate report of their genesis, while much ...

THE BLUE JACKAL There was once a jackal named Fierce-Howl, who lived in a cave near the suburbs of a city. One day he was hunting for food, his throat pinched with hunger, and wandered into the city after nightfall. There the city dogs snapped at his limbs with their sharp-pointed teeth, and terrified his heart with their dreadful barking, so that he stumbled this way and that in his efforts to escape and happened into the house of a dyer. There he tumbled into a tremendous indigo vat , and all the dogs went home.  Presently the jackal—further life being predestined—managed to crawl out of the indigo vat and escaped into the forest. There all the thronging animals in his vicinity caught a glimpse of his body dyed with the juice of indigo, and crying out: “What is this creature enriched with that unprecedented color?” they fled, their eyes dancing with terror, and spread the report: “Oh, oh! Here is an exotic creature that has dropped from somewhere. Nobody knows what his conduct...