English Literature

PART I 'Tis the middle of night by the castle clock, And the owls have awakened the crowing cock; Tu—whit! Tu—whoo! And hark, again! the crowing cock, How drowsily it crew. Sir Leoline, the Baron rich, Hath a toothless mastiff bitch; From her kennel beneath the rock She maketh answer to the clock, Four for the quarters, and twelve for the hour; Ever and aye, by shine and shower, Sixteen short howls, not over loud; Some say, she sees my lady's shroud. Is the night chilly and dark? The night is chilly, but not dark. The thin gray cloud is spread on high, It covers but not hides the sky. The moon is behind, and at the full; And yet she looks both small and dull. The night is chill, the cloud is gray: 'Tis a month before the month of May, And the Spring comes slowly up this way. The lovely lady, Christabel, Whom her father loves so well, What makes her in the wood so late, A furlong from the castle gate? She had dreams all yesternight Of her own betrothèd knight; And she in the...

Sri Aurobindo Ghosh is one of the greatest personalities of modern India. He was a poet, philosopher, yogi, guru and Indian nationalist. According to K.R.S. lyengar ‘Aurobindo was not merely a writer who happened to write in English but really an English writer’. It was he who propounded a philosophy of divine life on the earth through spiritual evolution. Sri Aurobindo Ghose was born in Calcutta on 15 August 1872. He left his body on December 5, 1950 in Pondicherry. He started his school education in a Christian Convent school in Darjiling. At the age of seven he was sent to England for education. There he studied at St. Paul's School, London. After that he entered the King's College of Cambridge. After returning to India in 1892, he worked in the Princely State of Baroda for the next thirteen years. For some time he served as a professor in Baroda College also. In India he started the serious study of Yoga and Sanskrit language. From 1902 to 1910 he actively participated i...

01. M.A. ENGLISH: SEM. III PAPER- I (Critical Theory) [2021-2022] Onwards UNIT-I Natyashastra- Rasa Theory Aristotle: Poetics (Butcher's Translation) UNIT-II: Longinus: On the Sublime Philip Sidney: Apology for Poetry UNIT- III John Dryden: An Essay on Dramatic Poesy Dr. Johnson: Preface to Shakespeare UNIT- IV Wordsworth: Preface to the Lyrical Ballads Coleridge: Biographia Literaria (Ch. XIII & XIV) UNIT-V Matthew Arnold: Essays in Criticism (Second Series) T.S. Eliot: Tradition and Individual Talent 02. M.A. ENGLISH: SEM. III PAPER- II (English Language) [2021-2022] Onwards UNIT-I Definition, Functions, Characteristics, Development of English Language. UNIT-II: Language Varieties: Register, Style and Dialect Approaches to the Study of Language: Synchronic and Diachronic UNIT- III Definition of Phonetics and Phonology, Difference between Phonetics and Phonology, Organs of Speech UNIT- IV Phonemes, Allophones, Phonetic Symbols for Sounds in RP UNIT-V Basics of Transforma...

01. M.A. ENGLISH: SEM. I PAPER- I (POETRY) [2021-2022] Onwards UNIT-I Annotations UNIT-II: (Epic Poetry) John Milton: Paradise Lost Book-I Valmiki: Ramayan (Sundar Kand) UNIT- III (Narrative Poetry) Geoffrey Chaucer: The Prologue to the Canterbury Tales S.T. Coleridge: The Rime of The Ancient Mariner UNIT- IV (Renaissance Poetry) William Shakespeare: Sonnets No.- 23,24,26,27,31,44. John Donne: The Extasie, A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning, The Good Morrow, Love's Alchemy, The Canonization, The Anniversarie. UNIT-V (Satirical Poetry) John Dryden: Absalom and Achitophel Alexander Pope: The Rape of the Lock 02. M.A. ENGLISH: SEM. I PAPER- II (DRAMA) [2021-2022] Onwards UNIT-I Annotations UNIT-II: (Non-English Drama) Sophocles: Oedipus Rex Kalidas: Abhigyan Shakuntalam ( English Translation, Sahitya Academy) UNIT- III (Shakespearean Tragedy) Hamlet King Lear UNIT- IV (Other Shakespearean Plays) Twelfth Night The Tempest UNIT-V (Renaissance Drama: Non Shakespearean) Christopher ...

Samuel Taylor Coleridge is one of the greatest romantic poets of England. He was not only a poet but a great literary critic and philosopher. He along with William Wordsworth wrote Lyrical Ballads . English Romantic Movement started with this fantastic composition. As a poet he showed his poetic talent in The Rime of the Ancient Mariner, Christabel, Kubla Khan, Frost at Midnight and Dejection: An Ode. His Biographia Literaria appeared as the most important work of general literary criticism. Coleridge was born on 21 October, 1772 at Ottery St. Mary in Devonshire, England. He completed his secondary education from Christ’s Hospital in London. From his childhood he was a voracious reader. For higher education he went to Jesus College, Cambridge, in 1791. As a student he faced great financial difficulties. He left Cambridge and became a public lecturer at Bristol. In October 1795 he married Sara Fricker. In the same year he became familiar with William Wordsworth. Together they star...

In Xanadu did Kubla Khan A stately pleasure-dome decree: Where Alph, the sacred river, ran Through caverns measureless to man Down to a sunless sea. So twice five miles of fertile ground With walls and towers were girdled round; And there were gardens bright with sinuous rills, Where blossomed many an incense-bearing tree; And here were forests ancient as the hills, Enfolding sunny spots of greenery. But oh! that deep romantic chasm which slanted Down the green hill athwart a cedarn cover! A savage place! as holy and enchanted As e’er beneath a waning moon was haunted By woman wailing for her demon-lover! And from this chasm, with ceaseless turmoil seething, As if this earth in fast thick pants were breathing, A mighty fountain momently was forced: Amid whose swift half-intermitted burst Huge fragments vaulted like rebounding hail, Or chaffy grain beneath the thresher’s flail: And mid these dancing rocks at once and ever It flung up momently the sacred river. Five miles meandering w...

Argument How a Ship having passed the Line was driven by storms to the cold Country towards the South Pole; and how from thence she made her course to the tropical Latitude of the Great Pacific Ocean; and of the strange things that befell; and in what manner the Ancyent Marinere came back to his own Country. PART I It is an ancient Mariner, And he stoppeth one of three. 'By thy long grey beard and glittering eye, Now wherefore stopp'st thou me? The Bridegroom's doors are opened wide, And I am next of kin; The guests are met, the feast is set: May'st hear the merry din.' He holds him with his skinny hand, 'There was a ship,' quoth he. 'Hold off! unhand me, grey-beard loon!' Eftsoons his hand dropt he. He holds him with his glittering eye— The Wedding-Guest stood still, And listens like a three years' child: The Mariner hath his will. The Wedding-Guest sat on a stone: He cannot choose but hear; And thus spake on that ancient man, The bright-eyed...