Posts

Showing posts from 2022

Expected Questions: M.A. English I Sem; Paper III - Fiction

Q01. Discuss Bana Bhatta as a novelist. Q02. Discuss Bana Bhatta as one of the greatest masters of prose. Q03. Discuss the theme of Kadambari. Q04. Discuss Kadambari as an imaginative prose epic. Q05. Give a character sketch of Kadambari. Q06. Discuss Cervantes as a novelist. Q07. Discuss Don Quixote a parody of Chivalry. Q08. Give a character sketch of Sancho Panza. Q09. Give a character sketch of Don Quixote. Q10. Discuss Henry Fielding as the father of English novel. Q11. Discuss Tom Jones as a picaresque novel. Q12. Discuss Tom Jones as a comic epic in prose. Q13. Give a character sketch of Tom Jones. Q14. Give a character sketch of Sophia Western. Q15. Give a character sketch of Molly. Q16. Discuss Tom Jones as mirror of 18th century society. Q17. Discuss Daniel Defoe as a novelist. Q18. Discuss plot construction of Robinson Crusoe. Q19. Discuss Robinson Crusoe as a novel of adventures. Q20. Give a character sketch of Robinson Crusoe. Q21. Give a character sketch of Fri...

Expected Questions: M.A. English I Sem; Paper II - Drama

  Q01. Discuss Sophocles as a playwright. Q02. Write the major theme of Oedipus Rex. Q03. Give a character sketch of Oedipus Rex. Q04. Discuss Kalidas as a playwright. Q05. Discuss the plot construction of Abhigyan Shakuntalam. Q06. Discuss the role of Nature in Abhigyan Shakuntalam. Q07. Give a character sketch of Shakuntala. Q08. Give a character sketch of Dushyanta. Q09. Discuss Shakespeare as a great tragedian. Q10. Discuss Shakespeare as a great playwright of comedies. Q11. Discuss Hamlet as a tragedy. Q12. Discuss Hamlet's madness. Q13. Discuss the importance of soliloquies in Hamlet. Q14. Discuss Hamlet's problem. Q15. Discuss Hamlet's delay. Q16. Give a character sketch of Hamlet. Q17. Write a note on the significance of the Ghost in Hamlet. Q18. Give a character sketch of Ophelia. Q19. Give a character sketch of Claudius. Q20. Discuss King Lear as a tragedy. Q21. Give a character sketch of King Lear. Q22. Give a character sketch of Cordelia. Q23. Write a n...

Expected Questions: M.A. English I Sem; Paper I - Poetry

Q01. Discuss John Milton as a poet. Q02. Discuss John Milton's Paradise Lost as an epic. Q03. Who is the hero of Paradise Lost? Discuss. Q04. Give a character sketch of Satan. Q05. Discuss Milton's grand style. Q06. Discuss Valmiki as a poet. Q07. Write the summary of Sundar Kand. Q08. Justify the title 'Sundar Kand'. Q09. Discuss Chaucer as the father of English poetry. Q10. Discuss Chaucer's art of characterisation. Q11. Discuss Chaucer's humour. Q12. Chaucer's Prologue is a portrait gallery of the 14th Century England. Q13. Give a character sketch of Pardoner. Q14. Give a character sketch of Monk. Q15. Give a character sketch of the Wife of Bath. Q17. Discuss Coleridge as a romantic poet. Q18. Discuss the major theme of The Rime of the Ancient mariner. Q19. Write a note on supernatural elements in The Rime of the Ancient mariner. Q20. Discuss The Rime of the Ancient mariner as a romantic poem. Q21. Discuss symbolic significance of albatross. Q23. D...

Hamlet: Major Characters

William Shakespeare is famous for his creation of characters. Some of them are immortal characters. Shakespearean characters look like real people. In Hamlet we find the following characters: A. Hamlet: Hamlet is the protagonist of the play. The entire play revolves round his character. He is the prince of Denmark. He is brave and intelligent. The name of his father is King Hamlet. He is now dead and the viewers see only his Ghost. Hamlet’s mother is Gertrude. After the death of the king of Denmark she has become the wife of Claudius. Claudius is the suspected murderer of Hamlet’s father. He is the uncle of Hamlet. The daughter of Polonius named Ophelia loves him. But she dies young. When the Ghost of Hamlet’s father accuses Claudius of his murder and demands revenge, Hamlet starts his mission of taking revenge of his father’s murder. Doubt makes him indecisive. Unfortunately he delays. It is his real problem. He pretends to be mad. But when Hamlet comes to know the truth of his...

Hamlet: A Unique Revenge Play

Hamlet is a popular revenge tragedy in English by William Shakespeare. So far as the revenge drama is concerned, it has a very long history. The early seeds of the revenge drama can be seen in a trilogy named Oresteian composed by great Aeschylus in the 5th century BC. But about five century later in the mid-1st century CE Roman philosopher Seneca laid a strong foundation of revenge drama. Seneca's Thyestes is identified as the first revenge drama that highlights the revenge theme. The revenge play appeares as a favourite form of English tragedy in the Elizabethan and Jacobean eras and finds its highest expression in William Shakespeare’s Hamlet . On the English stage the revenge drama is established by Thomas Kyd with his The Spanish Tragedy in the late 16th century. Other notable revenge plays in English literature are- John Marston’s Antonio’s Revenge , George Chapman’s Revenge of Bussy d’Ambois , Shakespeare’s Titus Andronicus , Henry Chettle’s The Tragedy of Hoffman , ...

लाला हरदयाल( Lala Hardayal) और उनका लेखन

Image
लाला हरदयाल एक प्रसिद्ध स्वतंत्रता सेनानी और भारत के एक महान विद्वान हैं। उन्होंने अपना पूरा जीवन अपनी मातृभूमि भारत की सेवा के लिए समर्पित कर दिया था। वे गदर पार्टी के संस्थापक सदस्यों में से एक थे। इस महान देशभक्त ने अपने देश की सेवा के लिए सिविल सेवा के अपने करियर को ताक पर रख दिया था। उनके सरल जीवन और बौद्धिक अंतर्दृष्टि ने विदेशों में रहने वाले कई भारतीयों को ब्रिटिश साम्राज्यवाद के खिलाफ लड़ने के लिए प्रेरित किया। लाला हरदयाल अपनी मातृभूमि के निस्वार्थ सेवक थे। वह कई महान भारतीय क्रांतिकारी हस्तियों से प्रेरित थे। उनमें श्यामजी कृष्ण वर्मा, विनायक दामोदर सावरकर, भीखाजी कामा और कुछ अन्य उनके आदर्श थे। वे आर्य समाज के भी प्रबल अनुयायी थे। लाला हरदयाल जी निःसंदेह एक महान विद्वान थे। उनकी अनमोल रचनाओं की पूरी दुनिया में सराहना होती है। वे अपने लेखन में मैजिनी, मार्क्स और मिखाइल बाकुनिन से प्रभावित थे। उनके आदर्शवादी विचार बहुत प्रभावशाली हैं। उनके महत्वपूर्ण कार्यों में Hints for Self Culture, Thoughts on Education, Social Conquest of Hindu Race, Forty Four Months in Germany an...

ए टेल ऑफ़ टू सिटीज़ ( A Tale of Two Cities): डिकेंस का एक लोकप्रिय उपन्यास

Image
ए टेल ऑफ़ टू सिटीज़: डिकेंस का एक लोकप्रिय उपन्यास चार्ल्स डिकेंस 19वीं सदी के सबसे लोकप्रिय उपन्यासकारों में से एक हैं। वे इंग्लैंड से ताल्लुक रखते हैं। उन्हें शहरी जीवन के रिपोर्टर के रूप में स्वीकार किया जाता है। उन्होंने शहर के रहन-सहन और मध्यम वर्ग की दयनीय स्थितियों का सटीक चित्रण किया है। एक समाज सुधारक के रूप में डिकेंस अपनी सामाजिक अपील के लिए एक मंच के रूप में कथा साहित्य का उपयोग करते हैं। उनके लेखन की दुनिया में हास्य और करुणा एक साथ हैं। संक्षेप में वे एक प्यारे उपन्यासकार हैं। डिकेंस का ए टेल ऑफ़ टू सिटीज़ एक लोकप्रिय उपन्यास है। उन्होंने फ्रांसीसी क्रांति के दौरान दो शहरों - पेरिस और लंदन की घटनाओं को प्रस्तुत किया है। लेखक ने बिना किसी पूर्वाग्रह के दोनों शहरों की घटनाओं और चरित्रों का वर्णन किया है। यहाँ रचना के पात्र पेरिस से लंदन तक स्वतंत्र रूप से घूमते हैं। इसलिए लेखक ने उपन्यास को ए टेल ऑफ़ टू सिटीज़ नामक शीर्षक प्रदान किया है। इस कल्पित कृति का कथानक सुगठित, सुनिर्मित, किफायती और नाटकीय है। यह सस्पेंस, ड्रामा और जिज्ञासा से भरपूर है। यहाँ उपन्यासकार का उद...

Lala Hardayal & His Writing

Image
Lala Hardayal is a renowned freedom fighter and a great scholar of India. He dedicated his whole life to serve his motherland, India. He was one of the founder members of Gadar party. This great patriot left his career of civil services to serve his nation. His simple living and intellectual insight inspired numerous Indians living in foreign countries to fight against British imperialism. Lala Hardayal was a selfless servant of his motherland. He was inspired by many legendary Indian revolutionary figures. Among them Shyamji Krishna Varma, Vinayak Damodar Savarkar, Bhikhaji Cama and some others were his ideals. He was an ardent follower of Arya Samaj too. Lala Hardayal Ji was a master of letters. His precious writings are appreciated in the entire world. He was influenced by Mazzini, Marx and Mikhail Bakunin in his writing. His idealistic thoughts are very impressive. His important works include Hints for Self Culture , T houghts on Education , Social Conquest of Hindu Race , ...

A Tale of Two Cities: An Interesting Novel by Dickens

Image
Charles Dickens is one of the most popular novelists of the 19th century. He belongs to England. He is acknowledged as the reporter of town life. He accurately portrays the town living and miserable conditions of middle class. As a social reformer Dickens employs fiction as a platform for his social appeal. Humour and pathos lie closely together in his world of writings. In short, he is a lovable novelist. A Tale of Two Cities by Dickens is a well-liked novel. It has taken to present the happenings of the two cities - Paris and London during French Revolution. The author has described the incidents and characters of both the cities without any bias. Here the characters of the composition move freely from Paris to London. Hence, the writer has appropriately named the novel as A Tale of Two Cities. The plot of this work of fiction is compact, well constructed, economical and dramatic. It is full of suspense, drama and curiosity. Here the aim of the novelist is not to describe the F...

लाला हरदयाल

Image
लाला हरदयाल एक प्रसिद्ध स्वतंत्रता सेनानी और भारत के एक महान विद्वान हैं। उन्होंने अपना सम्पूर्ण जीवन मातृभूमि की सेवा के लिए समर्पित कर दिया था। लाला जी गदर पार्टी के संस्थापक सदस्यों में से एक हैं। लाला हरदयाल जी इतने महान क्रांतिकारी थे कि उन्होंने देश की सेवा के लिए अपना सिविल सेवा करियर छोड़ दिया। वे एक महान देशभक्त थे जो भारत में ब्रिटिश शासन का विरोध करने के लिए भारतीय स्वतंत्रता आंदोलन में शामिल हुए थे। उन्होंने विदेशों में रहने वाले भारतीयों में देशभक्ति की भावना फैलाने के लिए कई देशों का दौरा किया। लालाजी कई महान भारतीय क्रांतिकारी शख्सियतों से प्रेरित थे। उनमें श्यामजी कृष्ण वर्मा, विनायक दामोदर सावरकर, भीखाजी कामा और कुछ अन्य उनके आदर्श थे। वे आर्य समाज के भी प्रबल अनुयायी थे। लालाजी अपने लेखन में मैजिनी, मार्क्स और मिखाइल बाकुनिन से प्रभावित थे। लाला हरदयाल का जन्म 14 अक्टूबर, 1884 को दिल्ली में एक पंजाबी परिवार में हुआ था। भोली रानी उनकी माता थीं। उनके पिता का नाम गौरी दयाल माथुर था। श्री माथुर जिला न्यायालय में कर्मचारी थे। लालाजी का विवाह सुंदर रानी नामक संस्कारी क...

Lala Hardayal: An Introduction

Image
Lala Hardayal is a renowned freedom fighter and a great scholar of India. He dedicated his whole life to the sacred cause of the motherland. It is he who is one of the founder members of Gadar party. Lala Hardayal was so revolutionary that he left his career of civil services to serve the nation. He was a great patriot who joined Indian freedom movement to oppose British rule in India. He visited several countries to spread the patriotic feelings among the Indians residing in foreign countries. Lalaji was inspired by many legendary Indian revolutionary figures. Among them Shyamji Krishna Varma, Vinayak Damodar Savarkar, Bhikhaji Cama and some others were his ideals. He was an ardent follower of Arya Samaj. Lalaji was influenced by Mazzini, Marx and Mikhail Bakunin in his writing. Lala Hardayal was born in a Punjabi family on October 14, 1884 in Delhi. Bholi Rani was his mother. The name of his father was Gauri Dayal Mathur. Mr. Mathur was an employee in the District Court. Lal...

J. Krishnamurti

Image
 

The Tiger: A critical Appreciation

Image
 

Who is J. Krishnamurti?

Image
J. Krishnamurti is one of the greatest Indian spiritual figures of the twentieth century. He is a great philosopher, thinker, religious teacher, writer and speaker. His teaching stresses universal religious values, personal insight, and autonomous self-discipline. Discipline, according to him, vitalises and regulates energy. He attempted to synthesize the Indian and the Western philosophical and psychological principles. He felt the need for a radical change in man’s life. He also emphasized the necessity of total spiritual freedom. When the Theosophical Society called him the future world teacher, this name became a worldwide sensation. Krishnamurti promulgated his message of love throughout the world in a very impressive manner. (जे. कृष्णमूर्ति बीसवीं सदी की महानतम भारतीय आध्यात्मिक शख्सियतों में से एक हैं। वे एक महान दार्शनिक, विचारक, धार्मिक शिक्षक, लेखक और वक्ता हैं। उनका शिक्षण सार्वभौमिक धार्मिक मूल्यों, व्यक्तिगत अंतर्दृष्टि और स्वायत्त आत्म-अनुशासन पर जोर देता है। उनके अनु...

Tintern Abbey

Image